While speculation about Pennsylvania drainage route origins and more specifically water and wind gap origins can be traced back to the early 1700s the questions still persist and the speculation continues[1] This inability of researchers to explain Pennsylvania drainage features, such as the large-scale Susquehanna River and Delaware River water gaps, is puzzling as similar […]
Category archives for valley orientation
Shallow wind gaps in Souderton and Telford area link headwaters of northeast and southwest oriented Perkiomen Creek tributaries and provide evidence of what were diverging and converging flood flow channels. Evidence of former channels include the present day southwest oriented East Branch Perkiomen Creek valley, a shallow wind gap in Telford linking a northeast oriented […]
The Chester Valley between Coatesville and Dowingtown is an east-northeast oriented through valley linking south oriented West Branch Brandywine Creek with south oriented East Branch Brandywine Creek. West Branch Brandywine Creek flows from the 500-600 foot high North Valley Hills (north of the Chester Valley) to enter and cross the less than 350-foot high Chester […]
West of the City of West Chester, Pennsylvania the East Branch Brandywine Creek flows in a south-southeast and southwest direction to join southeast, northeast, and southeast oriented West Branch Brandywine Creek and to form southeast oriented Brandywine Creek. Broad Run is a southeast, east, and south-southeast oriented West Branch Brandywine Creek tributary located between the […]
Figure 1: Delaware Bay extends from northeast of Philadelphia to Cape May and is a drowned river valley. United States Geological Survey map digitally presented using National Geographic TOPO software. Delaware Bay is the flooded lower Delaware River valley or an estuary that extends upstream from south of Cape May, New Jersey almost to Trenton, […]
The Somerton-Huntingdon Valley Through Valley is a shallow west-southwest to east-northeast oriented continuous valley linking the south oriented Poquessing Creek valley (east) with the south oriented Pennypack Creek valley (west). The through valley west-southwest end is drained by Huntingdon Valley Creek, which flows in a south and south-southwest direction before entering the valley. The through […]
Wissahickon Creek originates near Lansdale at an elevation of approximately 400 feet and its headwaters flow in a southwest direction for a distance of approximately 4 miles before reaching an elevation of about 300 feet where the stream turns to flow in a southeast direction through its first water gap. Wissahickon Creek headwaters are bounded […]
Tacony Creek originates as Tookany Creek just south of the Westminster Theological Seminary in Laverock and flows in an east direction on a route just north of the Arcadia University campus into and then through Glenside to reach its Jenkintown elbow of capture near the SEPTA West Trenton and Landsdale Regional Rail line junction located […]
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